Pile

Why You Should Choose The Pile Fabrics | A Basic Things To Consider
The conventional method for producing material having pile or hairy surface involves weaving a fabric so that closely and uniformly spaced loops of yarn are left on one side which are simultaneously or subsequently cut to leave the fibre ends free to open out and so better cover the fabric surface.

In the case of some fabrics such as are used for upholstery purposes. For example moquette fabrics, the loops are left uncut, it being considered that the fabric is then more resistant to wear.
Obviously the character of the pile fabric so produced depends on the closeness and length of the loops formed. When the loops are cut, the material has the appearance of a base fabric in which tufts of fibers are anchored. To improve the anchorage the material can be sized on the under-side with and adhesive composition which may be based on starch mucilage or a more expensive but superior adhesive such as rubber latex, or else a synthetic polymer may be used.
More recently quite different methods for producing pile fabrics have come into use which does not require the use of a loom. Such fabrics include tufted and needle loom carpets (this name is misnomer since no loom is used here for the production) which are now competing strongly with the traditional loom woven carpets of the wilt on and axminser types.
With this change in the ephod of manufacturing carpets there has at the same time come a change in the types of fibers used. It is generally agreed that wool is the most useful fiber for carpet manufacture and has hitherto been exclusively employed for the best and most durable types of carpets.
But now man made firbes more especially the regenerated cellulose fibres but also the more costly synthetic fibres such as the polyamide, acrylic type now contain 20 percent of nylon to increase their wear resistance. In the case of viscose rayon fibers piles fabric
are attractive because they are so much cheaper than wool.