Warping

What is Warping | Requirements of Warping | Faults of warping

Warping is the parallel winding of yarn from cone or cheese package on to a warp beam.The operation of winding warp yarns onto a beam usually in preparation for slashing, weaving, or warp knitting. Also called warping. 

Requirements of Warping 

• The tension of the wound ends must be uniform and constant during all times of withdrawal from supply package 
• Warping should not impair the physical and mechanical properties of yarn 
• The tension should be moderate to enable the yarn to retain its elastic property completely 
• Predetermined length of the yarn should be observed 
• The production rate of warping should be high 
• The surface of warping package must be cylindrical

Faults of warping 

• Warp off center of the beam 
• Ridgy or uneven warp beam 
• Cress ends 
• Snarl is the warp 
• Missing ends 
• Unequal length of warp 
• Hard beam 
• Unequal size or weight if package

Features of High Speed Warping | Features of Sectional Warping | Differences Between Sectional and High Speed Warping

                                       High speed warping

Creel

↓

Beam for sizing

↓

Weaver’s Beam

In high speed warping the yarn is wound parallel on the warping beam. All the yarns are wound at once and simple flanged beam is used. It is a very high speed process and is used for making fabric of single colour.

Features of High speed warping

• It is used to make common fabrics in large quantities 
• It is used to produce weavers beam from single yarn 
• The production is high 
• Large amount of yarn is required to produce a weavers beam 
• Sizing is done 
• Simple flanged beam is used and drums are not required

Sectional Warping

Creel

↓

Drum

↓

Beam (Weaver’s Beam)

In sectional warping equal length of yarn is first wound in small sections or sheets on a drum. Then from the drum it is transferred to the beam. By this process we directly get the weavers beam. This is a two stage method and is used for making fancy fabrics.

Features of sectional warping

• This is suitable for making checked, stripped or other fancy fabric. 
• We directly obtain weaver’s beam from this process 
• As sizing is not done, so multi-ply yarns or yarns which do not require sizing are used 
• Small amount of yarn is required to produce the weaver’s beam 
• Sectional warping is used to produce a warp beam with a greater member if ends 
• The production is less in sectional warping 
• The yarn tension is less uniform 
• It is less efficient than high speed warping

       Differences between Sectional and high speed warping

High Speed Warping	Sectional Warping
Used to produce common fabric	Used to produce fancy fabrics
Production is high	Production is low
Large amount of yarn is required	Small amount of yarn is required
Weavers beam is produced after sizing	Weavers beam is directly produced
Cone and cheese is used	Flanged bobbin or drum is used
The process is cheap	The process is expensive
High creel capacity	Low creel capacity
Most commonly use	Rarely used

Warping Machine | Components of a Warping Machine | Components of Creel | Components of Headstock

The operation of winding warp yarns onto a beam usually in preparation for slashing, weaving, or warp knitting. Also called warping. In a word, Warping is the parallel winding of yarn from cone or cheese package on to a warp beam. Warping Process are done by different types of  Warping Machine. The main parts of warping machine are given below.

Components of a Warping Machine 

The warping machine is mainly divided into two major components

1. Creel 
2. Headstock

Components of Creel

• yarn clearer 
• stop device 
• indicator 
• tensioners 
• yarn guide 
• package base 
• blower or suction fan

Components of Headstock

• adjustable V-wraith 
• measuring and marking device 
• yarn speed controlling device 
• pneumatic or hydraulic pressure unit 
• break assembly 
• driving drum 
• stop motion 
• building drum 
• beam bracket 
• lease rod