Polyester

Properties of the Textile Polyester Fibre


Polyester Textile fiber

What Is Polyester Textile Fiber:

Polyester fibre is a widely used synthetic fibre. Basic raw materials for polyester fibre production are petroleum, coal, air & water. From those basic raw materials the Glycol monomer dihydric alcohol dn Terephthalic acid are produced. Which are polymerized into an autoclave at high temperature and polyester chips are produced, which are melt spun.

General Properties of Polyester Textile:

1. Length: Polyester fibre could be produced n filament form or staple form i.e. as we desire. Fibre length is controllable.
2. Fineness of polyester textile: Fineness of polyester fibre is also controllable.
3. X-Sectional shape: Normal cross sectional shape is round but it is also made triangular, elliptical or pentagonal. Normally it is white but could be of any color if color is added during spinning.
4. Strength: Normally tenacity varies from 4.5 to 5.0 gram per denier for the polyester textile. In case of high tenacity fibre it may be up t 8.0 gram per denier.
5. Extensibility: Extension at break varies from 20% to 30 %. Good recovery from extension. Due to good extension, strength and functional property polyester is widely used as sewing thread in the garment industries.
6. Resiliency: Polyester textile shows good resiliency property. It does not crease easily and any undue crease can be recovered easily.
7. Dimensional Stability: Polyester fibre is dimensionally stable. It could be heat-set at around 200 degree C. heat set pol7yester fibre does not shrink or extended.
8. Moisture Regain: Very low moisture ranges from 0 – 0.4%. Due to low moisture regain polyester fiber feels worm, easily cleaned, soils less.
9. Action of bleaching agents: It is not damaged by the action of bleaching agents.
10. Action of acid and alkali: It is unaffected by the action of acid and alkali.
11. Action of organic solvent: Polyester textile is unaffected by organic solvent, hence polyester fibre could be dry-cleaned.
12. Action of Sunlight & Heat: Polyester is unaffected by normal sunlight but prolong exposure to sunlight cab reduce strength of polyester. Polyester fibre melts at 227 degree C to 242 Degree C. hence during ironing care should be taken to reduce the risk of damage. In contact to flame the polyester burns and melt when cold, the molten polymer forms hard bids.
13. Dye ability: Polyester fibre shows good dye ability at high temperature. Color fastness to washing and sunlight is also good. Disperse dyes are widely used for dyeing polyester fibre.
14. Biological Properties: Resistance to attack of mildew, moths and insects are good.
15. End use of Polyester textiles: Polyester fibre is widely used for apparels both 100% form and blended form with cotton, nylon, wool, rayon, acetate, etc fibres. Polyester textiles also used for making thermal underwear.

 

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